weber



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. A. WEBER.

KILN FOR BURNING BONE BLACK.

No. 407,976. Patented July 30, 1889.

WITNESSES:

N. PETERS. PhuImI-ikhographar. Washinglcn, D Cv (No Model.) w 3 Sheets-Sheet .2.

A. WEBER.

KILN FOR BURNING BONE BLACK. No. 407,976. PatentedJulyBO, 1889.

- WITNESSES: l/VVE/V da M N. PETERS. PMOJJUIGQPIP'TEI. Washvngtm D. C.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. A. WEBER. KILN FOR BURNING BONE BLACK.

Patented July 30, 1889.

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N. PETERS, PholwLifllugr-uphur. WaIhingmn. B. C

UNITED STATES ADAM IVEBER, OF NEIV PATENT @FFICE.

YORK, N. Y.

KILN FOR BURNING BONE-BLACK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 407,976, dated July 30, 1889. Application filed February 9, 1889- Serial No. 299,275- (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ADAM IVEBER, of the city, county, and State of New York, a citizen of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Kilns for Burning Bone-Black, of which the following is a specification.

In an application for Letters Patent filed by me on the 9th day of October, 1888, Serial No. 287,645, I have described and claimed an improved construction of a kiln for burning bone-black in which the raw bones are fed by gravity from suitable hoppers to the retorts and discharged from the coolers below the retorts by means of hand-operated sliding dampers. This was found inconvenient, and mechanism was arranged for discharging the burned bones from the coolers in an automatic manner, then conveying said burned bones away from said coolers, lifting them into suitable hoppers, and then conducting them to the grinding-mills, in which the bones are ground to bone-black of different degrees of fineness for the market.

The object of this invention is to facilitate the working of my improvedbone-black kiln in such a manner that hardly any hand labor is required for running the same, as the feeding of the raw bones to the retorts, removing the burned bones from the coolers, and conveying them to the grinding-mills is accomplished by power-driving mechanical means; and the invention consists of the combination, with coolers located below the retorts of a bone black kiln, of inclined dischargespouts provided with intermittinglyactuated sliding dampers operated by rotary camwheels, which engage anti-friction rollers at the outer ends of said dampers and reciprocate the latter at each rotation of the camwheels, so as to discharge the burned bones into a conveyer arranged in a trough below the coolers and conduct them by said conveyer forward to a wall, from which theburned bones are carried up by an elevator into a suitable hopper, from which they are supplied to the grinding-mills.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical transverse section of my improved bone-black kiln, showing the same in connection with the supply-hoppers for the raw bones and the conveyer for the burned Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

In the drawings, A represents abone-black kiln of the construction described in the application above referred to. The retorts B are arranged in rows in a combustion-chamher 0 of the kiln and supplied with raw bones from stationary hoppers D D, which are supported above the retorts and connected by inclined pipes D with the heads of the same. To the lower ends of the retorts are attached the coolers E, which are provided at their lower ends with convergin g dischargespouts E, which communicate with a longitudinal trough F, in which a spiral or other conveyer F is arranged.

Between the slotted bottoms of the coolers E and the discharge-spouts E are arranged Sliding dampers E which are alternately placed in or out of register with the slotted bottoms 6* of the coolers. The outer ends of the sliding dampers E are provided with anti-friction rollers e e, which are engaged by grooves e at both sides of the cam-wheels WV, that are attached to a shaft 8, which extends longitudinally between the lower ends of the coolers, and which receives continuous rotary motion by a chain-and-sprocket-wheel transmission or other suitable transmissions from a suitable power-shaft, as shown in Fig. 1. The eccentric portions of the cam-grooves e of the cam-wheels IV are so arranged that when the anti-friction rollers e of the sliding dampers E enter into said eccentric portions of the cam-grooves they are quickly moved into register with the discharge-openings of the bottoms of the coolers, while when the rollers move along the concentric portions of the cam-grooves they are kept in closed position and out of register with the openings in the bottoms of the coolers. The camwheels are so arranged that each wheel operates the sliding dampers of two adjoining ICO coolers located at opposite sides of the shaft S, one half-revolution of the cam-wheel \V opening the damper of one cooler, While the other half-revolution of the cam-Wheel opens the damper of the adjoining cooler, as shown clearly in Fig. 3. The cam-wheels are so located on the shaft S that the sliding dampers of one row of coolers are notoperated at the same time, but in succession to each other and alternately with the dampers of the adjoining coolers. By this arrangement less power is required for rotating the shaft, the overloading of the conveyer obviated, and a more even feed of raw bones from the hoppers to the retorts secured.

The discharge of burned bones from the coolers by the motion of the dampers is so timed that every minute all the dampers are opened and a corresponding portion of the contents of the coolers discharged. The size of the openings in the bottoms of the coolers and in the sliding dampers, as well as the length of time during which the openings reg ister with each other, are so proportioned that a full charge of the retorts is drawn off every four hours, so that two hundred and forty rotations of the cam-wheels are required for drawing off afull charge of the retorts. It appears thus that a comparatively small quantity of burned bones is drawn off at each reciproca ing motion of a damper, so that the downward motion of the bones in the coolersand ret-orts and the feed of the raw bones from the hop pers to the retorts is gradual and uniform, taking place almost continuously without sudden jerks and drops. As one damper after another is opened, the exhaust by which the gases are drawn off from the retorts is not injuriously affected, so as to keep the interior of the retorts and coolers at a uniform exhaust-pressure. It will thus appear that the slow discharge of burned bones from the coolers at regular but short intervals of time has the following advantages: first, of keeping up a uniform and regular motion of the bones through the retorts and coolers; secondly, of not overloading the conveyers and elevators; thirdly, of not interfering with the regular exhaust, which is kept uniform and without being liable to sudden variations, and, fourthly, of keeping up a uniform heat in the kiln, as the retorts are not chilled by the raw bones charged into the same. Consequently the running of the bone-kiln is accomplished with great facility, as the operation of feeding the raw bonesto the retorts, the burning of the same while passing through the same, the dropping of the burned bones from the coolers, the conveying off of the burned bones, and the drawing off of the utilizable gases from the retorts take place with the utmost precision and reliability and without any stops or interruptions, so that the bones are not only burned in a more satisfactory manner, but also an increased yield of by-products obtained within 7 a given time as compared with the bone-black kilns in which the retorts and coolers are intermittingly discharged by hand labor. I

The burned bones are automatically d'is charged from the coolers by the dischargespouts E into the spiral or other conve yer F, the shell of which may becooled with cold water, which is admitted into the trough F. The bones are conveyed forward and dropped into the well of an elevator G, (shown in Fig. 1,) by the buckets of which they are lifted into a hopper, (not shown in the drawings,) from which they are supplied to the grinding-mills for being ground to the proper degree of fineness as required for the different purposes for which they are used. The supply of raw bones to the supply-hoppers D of the retort-s is also accomplished by an elevator H, as shown in Fig. 1, so that in this manner the supply of raw bones to the retorts, as well as the conveying off of the burned bones from the coolers to the grinding-mills, is automatically accomplished, and thereby a great saving in hand labor obtained.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In a bone-black kiln, the combination of two rows of coolers located below the retorts and provided with bottoms having openings, inclined discharge-spouts below said coolers, dampers having openings registering with the openings of the bottoms, a rotary shaft located intermediately between said coolers, grooved cams on said shaft connected to the dampers, and a rotary screw conveyer located below the discharge-spouts of the coolers, substantially as set forth.

2. In a bone-black kiln, the combination of two rows of coolers located below the retorts and provided with bottoms having openings, dampers having openings registering with the openings of the bottoms, inclined discharge-spouts below said dampers, a rotary shaft located intermediately between the coolers, grooved cams on said shaft connected to said dampers, a rotary screw conveyer below the discharge-spouts of the coolers, and acooling-trough surrounding the screw conveyer, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ADAM \VEBER.

\Vitnesses:

PAUL GoErEL, M. GoLDsTEIN. 

